Clinical Chemistry Blog Notes 16

Drug Testing For School Admission

2009-09-09T05:00:00.000-07:00

Do you agree that drug testing should be done as a requirement for admission to schools? Why and why not?"

I totally agree. If it was me, I would treat it not as a test were a positive result will mean disqualification and a negative result will mean admission to the school but a chance to change. But what if the student/employee turns out to be positive? I suggest that the test should not be a source of ridicule and discrimination but a solution to the problem. Though privacy is a luxury for most people, acceptance to the problem is the "drug problem" is a big step for change. The school could offer a counseling for all found positive for a chance of improving their lives and for making a better future.

I have seen how drug can change a good person into his own worse nightmare. If I had that chance to change it, to make it better, to save their misery, I would have done it and I think it would be a good solution to the problem. It could bring awareness, not only to the public but also to the family of the victims, to their love ones, and friends were they also can contribute to change and give support.

Drugs for LOVE.

Picture Credit: photos8.com

ANSWERS FOR CPBA

2009-08-30T01:27:00.000-07:00

OBJECTIVE

1. Transcribe CPBA. - COMPETITIVE PROTEIN BINDING ASSAY

2. Give a synonym for CPBA. - COMPETITIVE ASSAY

3 - 5. Enumerate the 3 most important
considerations for CPBA.
-RADIOLABELLED ANTIGEN, REAGENT ANTIBODY, UNKNOWN ANTIGEN

6 - 7. Enumerate two specific reagents for CPBA.
-RADIOLABELLED ANTIGEN, REAGENT ANTIBODY

8. What is the specific substance being tested in CPBA.
-UNKNOWN ANTIGEN

9. Give one specific test making use of the principle CPBA. - ELISA

10. What is a more reliable test? CPBA or EMIT? - EMIT, BECAUSE CPBA HAS INTERFERING SUBSTANCES

CASE ANALYSIS

In your own words, discuss the principle of CPBA through the use of the displayed picture on your right screen.

Cite one original example. Be creative.

I chose the picture Love Triangle of New Moon because it represent the CPBA. Edward is the unknown antigen, Bella is the reagent antibody and Jacob is the Radiolabeled antigen. As we all know, Jacob is competing for the love of Bella while Bella is deeply inlove with Edward!!

REFERENCES

Picture courtesy of WARNER BROTHERS

QUESTIONS FOR CPBA

2009-08-25T18:46:00.000-07:00

OBJECTIVE

1. Transcribe CPBA.

2. Give a synonym for CPBA.

3 - 5. Enumerate the 3 most important
considerations for CPBA.

6 - 7. Enumerate two specific reagents for CPBA.

8. What is the specific substance being tested in CPBA.

9. Give one specific test making use of the principle CPBA.

10. What is a more reliable test? CPBA or EMIT?

CASE ANALYSIS

In your own words, discuss the principle of CPBA through the use of the displayed picture on your right screen.

Cite one original example. Be creative.

REFERENCES

Picture courtesy of WARNER BROTHERS

CPBA

2009-08-18T06:37:00.000-07:00

photo by rudyjansen

COMPETITIVE PROTEIN BINDING ASSAY

CPBA is also known as the competitive assay is a test used for quantitation of certain hormones like triiodothyronine. The principle of this test is generally revolving around the reagent antibody, labeled antigen and the unlabeled antigen which is the one were testing for. The labeled antigen and the unlabeled antigen compete for the binding site of reagent antibody.

There are many ways to measure them. The reagent antibody will be added to the labeled antigen then the unlabeled antigen is added. After the incubation, the free labeled antigen is separated and can be subtracted to the original number of the labeled antigen added or you can measure the bound antigen directly. The number of labeled antigen is pre-measured and should be fixed and small in amount and the number of the reagent antibody is also pre-measured and in small amount.

The more the binding of the reagent antibody and the labeled antigen, the less the number of binding of the labeled antigen thus making them indirectly proportional.

EXPLANATION OF THE PHOTO

I chose the picture Love Triangle because it represent the CPBA. the 2 girls are the unlabeled and the labeled antigen which are competing for the boy which represents as the reagent antibody.

REFERENCES

Clinical Chemistry Principles, Procedures, Correlations Fifth Edition by Bishop

http://www.flickr.com/photos/rudyjansen/2401083254/

THE TOP 10 MOST INSPIRING BLOGS

2009-07-29T01:37:00.000-07:00

The following are my Top 10 Emerging Influential Blogs of 2009:

1. Roy The Struggling Blogger
2. Doctor Z of Zorlone
3. Jan Geronimo of WritingToExhale
4. Angel Cuala of Father Blogger dot com
5. Irene of LifeLots
6. Luke of A Walk In The Dark
7. Holly Jahangiri of It’s all a matter of Perspective: Mine
8. Bingkee of I Love/Hate America
9. Kelvin Servigon of Kelvinonian Ideas 2.0
10. Dee of Tales From The Mom Side

Sponsors: Absolute Traders, My Brute Cheats, Business Summaries, Fitness Advantage Club, Events and Corporate Video, http://www.eventsatwork.com/, Dominguez Marketing Communications, Red Mobile, Budget hotel in Makati, and Blog4Reviews.com.

A STORY OF LOVE: Through Toxic Goiter and in Health

2009-07-14T06:36:00.000-07:00

I remember my friend story about his parents on how they struggled in life about his Mother’s goiter. When his Mom was young, she always helps her father go to the health center for checkups and medicine. During the check up his Mom was talking to the Doctor about her Father’s illness. The Doctor noticed something on her neck and asked her if she has a goiter. She answered “I don’t know Doc, but sometimes I feel something inside and it’s uneasy to swallow food”. The Doctor told her to take a T3 and T4 test just to be sure and she just answered “Okay Doc I will”.

Years have passed by but she didn’t take the Test. She married a kind and loving husband and they had four children. The youngest is my friend. Finally they decided and have their Mom take the T3 andT4 test because of the uneasy feeling on her throat. They waited 4 days for her result and when it came out they found out that she has a cancerous toxic goiter. They immediately went to an Endocrinologist. The Doctor examined her and gave her medicines hoping that it will heal or make the goiter smaller. Years have passed but still there is no sign that the goiter will heal. So they went to the hospital and his Mom had an operation. After the operation they took samples and have them tested in Manila. After that they needed to take his Mom in UST Hospital for the radioactive treatment.

Even though financially unstable, they manage to help their Mom during those times. I was so touch when my friend told me that his Father didn’t left his Mother not a single day in the hospital. His Father stood outside the operating door until she came out. And in UST hospital he slept outside the door sitting on the chair for 3 days because he cannot enter inside the radioactive room.

Through prayer, love, and technology his Mom’s toxic goiter was treated.

ANSWERS TO T3

2009-06-30T06:17:00.000-07:00

IDENTIFICATION
1. Triiodothyronine
2 -3. 1 monoiodothyronine
1 diiodothyronine
4. Thyroid Gland
5. 0.8 - 1.1 ug/dL
6. Hyperthyroidism
7. Hypothyroidism
8 -10. Direct Equilibrium Dialysis or Infiltration
Determination of T3 by Radioimmunoassay (T3(RIA)

Determination of T3 Uptake by Radioassay

CASE ANALYSIS

The probable diagnosis is HYPERTHYROIDISM AND ANEMIA , and additional test like TSH can help in the diagnosis of the disease.
DECREASED TSH is indicative of hyperthyroidism with increased T3 and T4 level.
we could PERFORM STIMULATION TEST IF TSH IS UNDETECTABLE.

Hyperthyroidism can be manage and treated through ANTI-THRYROID DRUGS, RADIOACTIVE IODINE TREATMENT, and SURGICAL REMOVAL

Click link for additional information:
http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/hyperthyroidism-topic-overview
http://www.endocrineweb.com/hyper4.html

THINK for T3

2009-06-16T19:45:00.000-07:00

Thinking hard or hardly thinking? ;p

IDENTIFICATION

1. Transcribe T3
2-3. Molecules of T3
4. Produce from what organ?
5. Normal Value
6. Disease associated with increased T3
7. Disease associated with decrease T3
8-10. 3 Methods For T3

CASE ANALYSIS

Archie, a 4 year old boy, is experiencing fever and nausea with vomiting, he has short structure and still unable and walk and speak. He was tested for CBC which resulted to decreased in RCC. His T3 values is increased while his T4 is within normal range.

What is the possible diagnosis?
What are the possible test to confirm diagnosis?
What is the probable result of TSH based from the diagnosis?
What if TSH value is undetectable?
What are the availbale treatment for the disease?

Triiodothyronine

2009-05-29T16:49:00.000-07:00

Triiodothyronine, with the chemical structure of 3,5,3'-L-triiodothyronine, well known as T3 because of it's difficulty to pronounce is one of the main Thyroid Hormone produced from the Thyroid gland and controlled by the TSH form the anterior pituitary gland. T4 with T3 are the most important hormone that affects metabolic rates. they help regulates the metabolic processes which are essential for a normal growth and development of our body and the maturation of our brain cells.
t3 is 3 to 5 times more potent biological system thab t4 because one third of all t4 are converted to t3 during the course of it's metabolism.

Functions

increased oxygen consumption

growth

development

sexual maturation

stimulation of heart rate and heart contraction

protein synthesis

carbohydrate metabolism

cholesterol and TAG synthesis and degradation

IDEAL SPECIMEN: serum; plasma with EDTA or heparin may also be used

METHODS

Direct Equilibrium Dialysis or Infiltration

Determination of T3 by Radioimmunoassay (T3(RIA)

Determination of T3 Uptake by Radioassay

Normal Values: 0.8 - 1.1 ug/dL

Clinical Significance:

Primary Hypothyroidism - has damage in the thyroid gland and insufficient in hormone synthesis. Confirmation of the disease is the results where T3 and T4 decrease; TSH increase.

Congenital Hypothyroidism - due to absence of thyroid gland or defects on thyroid hormone synthesis.

Secondary Hypothyroidism - due to pitiutary or hypothalamic disease;

Hyperthyroidism - can be caused by diffused toxic goiter, damage to the thyroid gland. T3 is elevated early than T4.

REFERENCES

Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry Second Edition by Karl A. Burtis and Edward R. Ashwood

Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry Third Edition by Norbert W. Tietz

Welcome

2009-05-26T01:01:00.001-07:00

Hi, I'm Kelly Shaye, welcome to my blog.